Well a full-on backfire is unburnt fuel being ignited in the exhasut system, isn't it? So the two things you need for this is unburnt fuel and some form of ignitor.
Running rich would give you the unburnt fuel. Bits of hot coke/carbon deposits and other shit from the engine could supply the ignition. But, if that's the case, wouldn't a nice damn hard drive clean out some of the deposits? Then a tune-up on the carbs help with unburnt fuel?
I'm not sure, but I wonder if poor timing could also be a factor?